What chloroquine treats in 2025, what it doesn’t, dosing basics, side effects, safety checks, and smart alternatives for travel malaria prevention and care.
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Chloroquine – What It Is and How It’s Used
Chloroquine is a synthetic drug that’s been around for decades. Originally it was designed to fight malaria, but doctors have also tried it for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and, more recently, COVID‑19. If you’ve heard the name in the news, you probably wonder whether it’s safe, how to take it, and what side effects to watch for. This guide breaks down the basics in plain English so you can decide if chloroquine is right for you or someone you care about.
Common Uses and Dosage
Most people use chloroquine to prevent or treat malaria after traveling to high‑risk areas. The usual adult dose for prevention is 500 mg once a week, starting a week before travel and continuing for four weeks after returning. For active malaria, the dose jumps to 1,000 mg followed by 500 mg after 6‑8 hours, then 500 mg daily for two more days. When doctors prescribe it for rheumatoid arthritis, the dose is lower—typically 250 mg daily—so the drug can soften joint inflammation without blowing up the stomach.
During the early COVID‑19 pandemic, some clinicians gave patients 500 mg twice a day for up to ten days. However, large‑scale studies later showed no clear benefit, and the FDA has warned against using chloroquine for COVID‑19 outside of a trial. Always follow a doctor’s exact instructions—do not guess a dose based on online articles.
Safety, Side Effects, and Drug Interactions
Chloroquine isn’t a harmless over‑the‑counter pill. Common side effects include stomach upset, headache, and a mild rash. More serious problems can pop up with higher doses: vision changes, heart rhythm issues, and low blood sugar. If you notice blurry vision or a new arrhythmia, stop the drug and call your doctor right away. Because chloroquine stays in the body for weeks, even a short course can cause lingering effects.
It also interacts with a handful of other meds. Antacids may lower its absorption, while certain antibiotics and heart drugs (like quinidine) can raise the risk of dangerous heart rhythm changes. Tell your pharmacist about every prescription and supplement you take before starting chloroquine.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid chloroquine unless a doctor says the benefits outweigh the risks. Kids need a weight‑based dose, and pediatric use is usually limited to malaria prevention in high‑risk regions.
Bottom line: chloroquine can be a lifesaver for malaria, but it’s not a one‑size‑fits‑all solution. Use it only when prescribed, stick to the exact dosing schedule, and watch for any warning signs. If you have questions about how chloroquine fits into your health plan, reach out to a healthcare professional for personalized advice.